Heat the olive oil in a large cast iron skillet over medium-high heat. Add the onion and garlic and cook until softened, about 3 minutes. Add the bell pepper and jalapeño, and cook for an additional 2 minutes. Add the potatoes, chili powder, cumin, smoked paprika, oregano, salt and pepper, and stir to combine. Cook for an additional 5 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Add the black beans, reduce the heat to medium-low, and stir to combine. Cook, stirring occasionally, for 10 minutes or until the potatoes are tender.
Create four wells in the skillet and crack the eggs into the wells. Cover the skillet and cook for 5 minutes or until the eggs are cooked to your desired doneness.
Serve the skillet breakfast hash with a sprinkle of cotija cheese and a dollop of sour cream, if desired.